Bacteria Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bacteria - Essay Example Once there they physically change. They become smaller in size and lose their flagella and begin to give off a natural glow. There are a number of interesting aspects to this particular bacterium, which includes, symbiotic living, a special relationship with certain species of cephalopods, animals that can actually glow in the dark, and preserving nature’s polluted waters. Again this bacterium is often found inside and one fish and certain species of cephalopods, like octopus and squid (OBrien). However, they are not harmful once inside of another species, in fact, the relationship is actually quite beneficial for both species. The Vibrio fischeri rely on the fish for a protective environment and the bacteria create a very special reaction that is incredibly beneficial to the aquatic species. There are five genes then when active and through the process of oxidation takes place in the system of certain species it causes the host animal to literally glow in the dark (Maiden). Despite how unusual and strange that may sound it is absolutely true. In truth 90% of most fish and sea life carry some amount of these bacteria in their systems or on their bodies, however, some creatures glow brighter than others (Widder).However, it is these bacteria that have been attributed to instances when processing of fish products have on occasion resulted in slightly glowing fish sticks (Maiden).However, one species in particular is the prime example of this phenomena the bobtail-squid, native to the waters of Hawaii, have colonies of these bacteria living on their undersides. Because the squid possesses an organ, called the light organ, which is a unique structure similar to the make-up of an eye, possessing both an iris and a lens, yet it allows the squid to produce a glowing light. To predators looking up at the squid it appears to be

Explain the development of the US Airline Industry and what role did Essay

Explain the development of the US Airline Industry and what role did the government play from 1910-1950 - Essay Example It was the world’s first commercial flight which travelled from St. Petersburg to Tampa Bay. The earliest initiative to promote the US airline industry was the formation of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics in 1915(NACA). This body was funded by the government to research into aircraft design and it was able to create the first supersonic aircraft. NACA was later integrated with NASA. With high speed aircrafts, airplanes began to be seen as an alternative to trains and roads. The major reason behind the evolution of this industry was the United States Postal Service. The USPS used army services during the early 1920 but since the army was involved in the World War, it could not render much time to the postal service (US Air). In 1925, government passed the Air mail act which allowed the private airlines to carry postal mails. The government took this step because it believed that it would promote the airline industry in the country and also provide economical sup port to the country (Harry, 2004). This served as a great initiative and the number of flights rose to a considerably large level. The private airlines expanded under this act and soon a large number of airlines were operating which not only for delivered postal mails but also offered passenger services. However with the increased number of flights and no monitoring and regulatory body, the accidents were very common.

Strategic Staffing in Global Communications Incorporation Assignment

Strategic Staffing in Global Communications Incorporation - Assignment Example Many of those procedures are now bound to the theories and texts. There is a little process which is in practice right now. Here we go with questionnaires, surveys, employees’ diaries and 360 degree feedback from employers, peers and subordinates (Dessler, 2000)1. Person job fit is analyzed through various techniques in real world out of which human resource information system is most significant. We have a powerful Human Resource Information System installed in our server. It is helpful in defining the scenario which updates and excommunicates about what are the current practices going on and where is discrepancy lying in the air. Another reasonable approach which is currently in practice refers to employees questionnaires in order to conduct a credible Job Analysis. This is what we know about our employees and it’s all about the ways we use to identify the required skills in the employees. We are more likely to post the positions on the basis of prior experience of certain skills required. We focus on interpersonal and innovative skills of personnel. While posting the jobs to the concerned source, we often use only signaling by only mentioning degree requirements, prior experience and age limits. The further identifications are taken from face to face interactions and job recruitment tests. We get the applications online under career tab of our web page. It is directly reached to HR department who is liable to evaluate person to job and person to organization match by analyzing the curriculum vitae and revealing in application forms. After that the list of recommended candidates are added in minutes and they are called through phone as well as through surface mail. 20. Write a brief objective statement explaining why do you feel yourself as a better fit for this job, how your skills may be helpful in value maximization of the organization supporting your career plans, mission and vision? Â  

The Effect of Temperature on Rate of Reaction Essay Example for Free

The Effect of Temperature on Rate of Reaction Essay In this experiment I shall be investigating how temperature affects the rate of reaction Rates of reaction The Factors that affect the rate of reaction are temperature, surface area, concentration, catalysts, light and pressure Surface area – Surface area is the amount of solid surface that is available for reaction Only affects solids so this will not affect our experiment When the surface area increases the rate of reaction increases as there is more surface area for the particles to work on, thus, there are more collisions per second Example : It is easier to light a fire with small pieces of stick than using large blocks of wood Concentration Concentration is the amount of molecules of a substance in a given volume Concentration affects solids, gases and liquid so this will affect our experiment When the concentration increases the rate of reaction increases as there are more molecules present, therefore there are more collisions between molecules (Collision theory) Example : zinc reacts fairly slowly with dilute hydrochloric acid but when the acid is concentrated, the rate of reaction increases. Catalysts A catalyst is a substance which speeds up the  rate of reaction without itself going undergoing any permanent chemical change – this means only small amounts of catalysts are needed to speed up reactions When a catalyst is involved in an experiment there is less energy needed for the reaction therefore there is more collisions per second We will not be using catalysts in our experiment Example : Decomposing hydrogen peroxide  solution at room temperature is very slow, but using a small amount of manganese oxide greatly increases the reaction rate and oxygen is given off rapidly Light Light is a form of energy and it causes many chemical reactions to take place. Light does not affect our experiment Example : Photosynthesis Temperature Collision theory is used to explain how different factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction. For a reaction to take place the reactant particles must collide with each other with adequate energy (activation energy), this energy is used to break the bonds between the particles. If the particles do not have enough energy they will bounce off each other without reacting. By increasing the temperature the particles gain more energy and move faster causing more collisions per second. 10oC 60oC Previous Experiments These previous experiments give us background information on rates of reaction: Acid and limestone CaCO3(s) + 2HCL(aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Apparatus – Conical flask, hydrochloric acid, marble chips, cotton wool and scales In this experiment we mix a certain mass of large marble chips with a certain volume of hydrochloric acid in a conical flask and use cotton wool to trap the acid spray. As the carbon dioxide is given off from the flask, the mixture loses mass, this is measured and recorded every minute until the reaction is over. The experiment is repeated again using the same mass of marble chips and the same volume of hydrochloric acid and the same temperature but instead using small marble chips. When we look at our results we find that the larger marble chips take more time to react than the smaller marble chips which show that as the surface area increases, the rate of reaction increases. Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide solution H2O2(aq) 2H2O(l) + O2(g) Apparatus – Conical flask, gas syringe, hydrogen peroxide solution and solid manganese oxide In this experiment we firstly measure the time taken for hydrogen peroxide to decompose and produce 50cm3 of oxygen at room temperature and without a catalyst. We use a gas syringe to measure the oxygen given off. Then we repeat the experiment but instead add a small amount of solid manganese oxide to the hydrogen peroxide solution. When we look at our results we find that without the catalyst (manganese oxide) the reaction is very slow, but when we add the catalyst the decomposition is very fast and oxygen is  rapidly given off which shows that catalysts increase the rate of reaction. Sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCL(aq) 2NaCl(aq) + SO2(g) + S(s) + H2O(l) Apparatus – Sodium thiosulphate, hydrochloric acid, stop clock, a measuring cylinder and white paper with a black cross In this experiment we vary the concentration of the sodium thiosulphate, add it to a given volume of hydrochloric acid and time how long it takes for the mixture to go cloudy and the cross to disappear. When we look at our results we see that as we increase the concentration of sodium thiosulphate the rate of reaction increases. Hypothesis My prediction is, as the temperature of the reaction mixture increases so to will the rate of reaction as at higher temperatures the particles have more energy and will collide more hence increasing the rate of reaction. This is explained by the collision theory. The collision theory also allows me to predict that my time against temperature graph will have negative correlation as the time taken will decrease as the temperature increases. I also predict this graph will be curved as the time taken will not be directly proportional to the temperature. I also predict that as I increase the temperature of the mixture, the time taken for the cross to disappear will decrease. Reaction In my experiment I shall be investigating the effect of temperature on a reaction rate by reacting sodium thiosulphate in dilute hydrochloric acid as shown in the equation below Sodium + hydrochloric Sodium + Sulphur + Sulphur + Water thiosulphate acid chloride dioxide Na2S2O3 (aq) + 2HCL (aq) 2NaCl (aq)+ SO2 (g) + S (s) + H2O (l) Sodium thiosulphate is a clear liquid and hydrochloric acid is a clear liquid, when they react together the solution turns cloudy due to the sulphur. The reaction is exothermic as the energy required to break the bonds is less than the energy needed to make new bonds. Procedure Apparatus †¢ Conical flask †¢ Measuring cylinder †¢ Bunsen burner †¢ Thermometer †¢ Stop clock †¢ White paper with a black cross Method 1. Measure out 10 cm3 of sodium thiosulphate and 40cm3 of water into a flask. Measure out 5 cm3 of hydrochloric acid an a measuring cylinder 2. Heat the thiosulphate solution to the required temperature using a Bunsen burner 3. Add the acid and start the stop clock. Swirl the flask to mix the solutions and put the solution on the white paper with a black cross 4. Look down at the cross and stop the clock and note the time taken when the cross has disappeared. Record the temperature of the mixture in the flask. Variables The variables we will need to keep constant are †¢ The concentration of sodium thiosulphate †¢ The concentration of hydrochloric acid †¢ The volume of hydrochloric acid †¢ The same colour of cross †¢ The same thickness of cross †¢ Look at the cross from the same height The independent variable is the temperature. We will take 7 different recordings between 10o-70o We will do each recording 5 times and get an average to make sure the results are accurate. Results I will record my results in the table and make a time against temperature and a 1/time against temperature graph as shown below

Effect Of Financial Crisis On Indian Economy

Effect Of Financial Crisis On Indian Economy Introduction Financial Crisis a very common word heard in the recent few years. Year 2008, the beginning of the credit crunch. It was like Tsunami waves which took away almost everything from the economies. Recession can be defined as significant decline in the economic activity lasting more than a few months, which is normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, imports-exports, and wholesale-retail sales. Powerful developed economies like US and the Euro area were not able to control or reduce the effect of recession. The emerging economies like China, India and Brazil even though affected by recession but kept a good control over it. Through this research dissertation, I want to discuss the effect of financial crisis on a developing country. So, I have chosen India to discuss this topic. India is one of the powerful emerging economies in the world. In the recent years, India has shown a significant growth in GDP and overall. With recession and its effect overall the world, India with its good policies was able to prevent recession from entering into the deep roots of the country. Even though we can say financial crisis didnt affect India but still there are some sectors badly affected by the crisis. So I basically I would be discussing about the effect of financial crisis on India and the transmission of crisis from developed countries to India. Literature Review The literature review for this research includes the effect of financial crisis on the GDP growth rate of the country. The GDP growth rate of India was increasing at a rapid rate but showed a down-turn due to the after effect of recession. The GDP growth rate of the country was above 8.5% in 2010 and it was reduced to 8.2% at the start of 2011. The GDP was affected because of the countrys globalisation. In the last decade the countrys integration into the world economy was really fast. Due to this rapid growth, the percentage of imports-exports, as a proportion of GDP grew from 21.2% in 1997-98 to 34.7% in 2007-08. This growth shows the immense growth of economy. During the period of 2003-08, the investments share in GDP increased by 11%. Domestic funds was available in bulk but still it was expensive than foreign funding. The growth potential of India was strong in the global market, so the foreign investors were ready to provide funds at lower cost and thereby take risk. Because of this globalisation the financial crisis on the global economy affected the Indian economy. Countrys banking sector is relatively one of the healthy sectors in the economy and when the recession effect came to India both the Government of India and RBI (Reserve Bank of India) responded to the challenge in coordination and consultation. The actions of RBI comprised of monetary accommodation and counter cyclical regulatory forbearance. RBI measures helped the financial sector of the country to increase the initial primary liquidity which amounts up to 7% of countrys GDP. This shows how the banking sector of India controlled the effect of financial crisis. On the other hand, the economic activities of the country were slowing down. As the real GDP rate was diminished, the service sector, in which India is one of the best due to the powerful human resource, was affected. The service sector includes construction, transport communication, trade, hotels and restaurants sub-sectors. Business outsourcing is another major services provided by India. Most of the business outsourcing was done for US companies but due the financial crisis, this section affected badly. This in turn has affected the employment sector of the country. India is a country with high population, so a slight increase in the unemployment means so many of them has lost jobs. This must be the first time in seven years, exports have declined terribly. The industrial production index has also showed a negative growth. The uncertainty around the recession has decreased the business confidence. And the country has a decelerated investment demand. Before recession, Foreign Institutional Investors (FII) was the bulk buyers in the Indian stock market. They bought huge number of shares by investing millions of dollars, as Indian economy was a developing at a rapid rate. But the subprime crisis affected them very badly. Some of the companies were short of cash, whereas others were trapped with bad debts. Even there are companies which had to declare bankruptcy. These after effects had a great impact on the Indian stock markets. The adverse effect of financial crisis on the economic growth of the country can affect the poor and the food security of the country. The increase in food price in India was comparatively lower than that of global food prices. When the price of food globally increased by 150%, in India it was just 23%. This happened between 2005 and second quarter of 2008. After that, there was a decline in the food prices but it is still much higher than that at the beginning of the decade. If compared, the inflation of food articles was 10% and that of general inflation was 6%. India is one of the top receivers of foreign remittance. India secure the first position with 17.4 billion US $ in 2003. Middle-east is one of the main destinations for migrants from India. But after financial crisis, the Gulf countries, mainly UAE got affected badly. UAE is one of the countries, where we can find a lot of Indians in the construction sector which went down after the crisis. This has affected the flow of remittance from UAE to India. According to World Bank the remittance flow to developing countries can go down by 7%-10%. This will affect the foreign exchange reserve and investment sector of the country. While concluding the literature part, it is clear that Indian economy was affected badly. But due to strong policies and high liquidity, the government was able to reduce the after effect to an extent. Methodology Through this topic I would like to find answers for some questions. They are: What are the effects of global financial crisis on Indian economy? How did crisis affect Indian economy? What are the precautions and measures taken by the responsible authorities against crisis? In order to discuss these questions, I would like to research online as well as books newspapers, so that I get a clear-cut idea on financial crisis and Indian economy. Financial crisis is a familiar topic, so the details about it are available online. To do this research dissertation, online details are not enough, but interview with concerned persons will be useful for the project. When the research is done about the effect on Indian economy, the economy is divided into different sectors. Banking sector is one sector which was successful in preventing the recession effect. Giving more importance to Banking sector will be good enough to explain the effect on Indian economy.

Charles W. Chestnutts The Marrow of Tradition Essay examples -- Chest

Charles W. Chestnutt's The Marrow of Tradition      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Clearly, one can expect differing critical views of a novel; from the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   author's perspective we see one view, from a publisher's another, and from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the reviewer's yet another. This is especially true of Charles W.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chesnutt's   The Marrow of Tradition. If one observes both the contemporary   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   reviews of the novel and letters exchanged between Chesnutt and his   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   friends and publisher, Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., one will see the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   disparity in opinions regarding the work. Chesnutt himself felt the work   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   was of at least good quality, and remarked often of its significant   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   purpose in letters to Booker T. Washington, Houghton, Mifflin, Isaiah B.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Scott, and William H. Moody. Reviewers, too, were able to see the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "purpose" of the novel as a significant one as evidenced by reviews in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chautauquan, the New York Times, The Literary World, Nation, and New York   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Age.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, most reviews, even those which pointed out the important theme of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the novel, suggested that it was not a well written one, often seeming   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   overly dramatic and too fictionalized. Even Chesnutt's friend, W.D.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Howells, was quick to attack the quality of the novel. And, as one might   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   expect, a few reviews (especially those of a Southern origin) were nothing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   but negative. Examples of these are the Atlanta Journal, Bookman, and the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Independent. Particularly scathing is that of the Independent, a magazine   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   which was considered friendly to the cause of Black rights. In a series of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   lette... ...things through a glass darkly, but we can   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   perhaps by constant iteration gradually help to undeceive them. I have   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   made an effort in this direction through my latest novel, The Marrow of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tradition." And if the novel did not become the successor to Uncle Tom's   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cabin, as Chesnutt hoped, at least, in inflaming the critical community,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   he achieved what he had desired: "to create sympathy throughout our   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   country for our cause. [...] I know I am on the weaker side in point of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   popular sympathy, but I am on the stronger side in point of justice and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   morality, and if I can but command the skill and the power to compel   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   attention, I think I will win out in the long, so far as I am personally   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   concerned, and will help the cause, which is vastly more important."   

Faculty Competitiveness at a State University Essay

Not only that universities’ focus is onto students but also to each and every members of the state universities and from this, faculty members, staff and employees must be given due credit and importance for their worth helping each universities foster high quality education. PUP The University employs 1,483 full-time and part-time faculty members with a few of the full-time faculty holding administrative positions. There are 707 regular and casual administrative employees who provide support services to the University population. The faculty spend two-thirds of their time in teaching and one-third in research and extension activities. Awards Received: †¢It was recognized as a Centre for the Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program, which allows the PUP to confer degrees on many professionals who have yet to obtain their baccalaureate degrees after enrolling in a non-traditional structure course of learning. †¢President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo proclaimed PUP as Philippine National Comprehensive University in 2004, during the university’s centennial. †¢The PUP has obtained recognition as a Centre for Development in the field of Information Technology from the Commission on Higher Education. †¢Named as the Virtual Centre for Technology Innovation by the Department of Science and Technology. †¢The university was deemed the First Cyber University IT Park in the Philippines by the Philippine Economic Zone Authority. †¢Ave Perez Jacob – Palanca Awardee, Writer †¢Domingo De Guzman, Lecturer – Palanca Awardee, Psychoanalyst UP Almost 26. 6 per cent of its faculty have doctorate degrees and 36. 2 per cent have master’s degrees. The rest are working on their graduate studies. Awards Received: †¢Dr. Caesar Saloma, Dean of the College of Science, UP Diliman was awarded the ASEAN Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award. The awarding took place during the 8th ASEAN Science and Technology Week held in Manila on July 7, 2008. The award is given every three years. †¢Dr. Walden Bello, a professor of Sociology at UP Diliman, received the Outstanding Public Scholar Award for 2008 from the International Political Economy (IPE) Section of the International Studies Association (ISA). He is only the second person to receive the award, the first being Dr. Susan George of France in 2007. George wrote the book How the Other Half Dies, which deals with global hunger. Bello received the award on March 28, 2008 during the ISA’s 49th annual meeting in San Francisco, California. †¢Wayne Dell Manuel, a software developer at the National Telehealth Centre of the University of the Philippines, bested more than 700 other international contestants to win the Google Map Maker Global Competition. The contest encourages Google Map users from around the world to map universities, schools and hospitals to enable humanitarian organizations to navigate countries during times of crisis. ? †¢Lourdes Cruz, a professor at the Marine Science Institute of the University of the Philippines in Diliman, Quezon City is one of the recipients of the 2010 L’Oreal-UNESCO Awards in the Life Sciences, for discovering the use of snail toxins to study brain functions. She is one of five exceptional women scientists in the world to be awarded by the UNESCO on March 4, 2010, in Paris, France. †¢Filipino environmental advocate and UP College of Law professorial lecturer, Antonio Oposa Jr. was among the recipients of the prestigious Ramon Magsaysay Award for â€Å"his path breaking crusade to engage Filipinos in acts of enlightened citizenship that maximize the power of law to protect and nurture the environment for themselves, their children, and generations still to come. † Awarding ceremonies was held at the Cultural Center of the Philippines on Aug. 31, 2009. †¢Prof. Matthew M. Santamaria of the UP Asian Center was among the eight professors and students who made up the Philippine delegation to the Shanghai Theatre Expo 2009. The delegation, headed by Prof. Ricardo Abad of Ateneo de Manila University and Nick Lizaso of UNESCO ITI-Philippines, represented the country in the scheduled â€Å"Theme Workshops. † †¢Distinguished writer and UP professor Jose â€Å"Butch† Dalisay Jr. became the first Filipino to participate in the PENÃ'Ž World Voices Festival of International Literature, a gathering of about 160 writers from more than 50 countries, held from April 27 to May 3, 2009. EARIST EARIST in its 10 colleges consists of 400 faculty members and staffs. 350,000 Alumni members are presently working in the different fields of discipline all over the world with special mention; in the USA, Europe, Asian countries, and in the Philippines as Government Officials such as; Secretary, Deputy Secretary in the Philippine Cabinet, Senate, member of the Congress, etc. Recognition: †¢Baccalaureate College for Liberal Arts †¢Comprehensive Teaching and Baccalaureate University Level II †¢Graduate Capable HEI’s Level III †¢(Results of the CARNEGIE 2003 Classification Evaluation on the Typology of Philippine Higher Education) †¢Awarded Level II Status in the fourteen Degrees Programs (Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines) †¢Rated SUC Level II by CHED-DBM-PASUC Leveling EvaluationÃ'Ž SOURCES: http://www. pup. edu. ph/academic/colleges. asp â€Å"UP employee wins Google map contest,† Manila Standard Today, March 3, 2010. â€Å"Science prof chosen for UNESCO award in the life sciences,† Philippine Star, October 25, 2009. â€Å"Environmentalist wins Ramon Magsaysay Award,† Manila Standard Today, August 4, 2009. Manila Bulletin, June 5, 2009. â€Å"First Filipino in PEN World Voices Festival in New York,† Manila Bulletin, May 23, 2009.